Forming machine



June 2, 1936.

W. H. KNOWLES FORMING MACHINE Filed NOV. 27, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR.

I d, Mm ,ATTORNEYS.

Jum 3936. w, KNOWLES 2,042,851

FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 27, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.

2am, ATTORNEYS.

June 2, 1936. w. H. KNOWLES 2,042,851

FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 27, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

June 2, 1936. w. H. KNOWLES 2,042,851

FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 27, 1929 s Sheet-Sheet 4 r INVENTOR.

mm MM BY W Y m ATTORNEYS.

FORMING MACHINE Filed Nov. 27, 1929 5 SheetsFSheet 5 INVENTOR.

BY 20W A TTORNEYS.

Patented June 2, 1936 PATENT OFFICE FORMING MACHINE William H. Knowles,Indianapolis, Ind., asslgnor, by mesne assignments, to General Cap Co.Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application November27, 1929, Serial No. 410,025

51 Claims.-

This invention relates to a functionally and structurally improvedforming machine capable of use in numerous different associations and ofoperating emciently with various types of materials. However, thepresent invention is pri-- .marily directed to an apparatus and methodby means of which caps of paper or similar material, and suitable formilk bottles or other re-. ceptacles, may be formed and which caps willefilciently serve to seal the pouring orifice of such a receptacle. Anobject of the invention is that of providing a method and machine. asafore outlined, and which machine will be capable of manufacturingsealing members having integral stopper portions, as wellas sealingmembers of more conventional construction.

A further bbject is that of providing a forming method and machine whichwill cooperate efilciently and automatically with varying thicknesses ofpaper or other material to produce a. large number of articles eachperfect and similarly formed, this'production being accomplished with aminimum of manual attendance and at relatively small cost.

A further object of the invention is that of providing a machine whichcomprises comparatively few parts, each individually rugged and simplein construction, these parts cooperating emciently to achieve thedesired results.

With these and other objects in mind, refershoe is had to the attachedsheets of drawings.

illustrating one practical embodiment of the invention and in which:Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a forming ma chine;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the turn table thereof;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of the parts which serve toprovide for initial forming of the blank;

Fig.4 is a fragmentary view of certain of these parts in a slightlydifierent position from the illustrated in Fig. 3;

4 Figs. 5 and 6 are somewhat diagrammatic views of certain of theseparts;

Fig. 7 is a sectional side view of the mechanism by means of which thefinal shaping or forming operation is achieved, and

Fig. 8 is a bottom plan yiew of the turn table.

As afore brought out, the apparatus of the present invention is to beemployed primarily for the shaping of such articles as bottle seals andspecifically seals or caps similar to that shown in U. S. Letters Patent#111122, issued May '7,

1929, although it and the method may be advantageously employed inconnection with the manuiacture of paperor similar material-caps, andwhich diiler in construction from the cap illustrated in such patent.

Thus, in the foregoing views, the numeral i0 indicates the basesupporting standards Ii which mount a crank shaft l2. This shaft may beoperatively coupled to a drive i3 by means of any suitable form ofclutch I4; and a pitman i5 is 10 provided which serves to reciprocate ahead l6 between the standards ii as the shaft is rotated.

Supported upon the deck ll of the base is a turn table I8 which isformed with a series of openings I9 having recesses 20, thepurpose of 15which will be hereinafter brought out. The turn table may be shifted toprogressively present openings at. positions underlying the head l6.This shiftingmay be achieved in a number of different manners but ispreferably accomplished 20 by mechanism somewhat similar to thatdiagrammatically illustrated.

In this connection, it will be observed that the shaft 2la supportingthe turn table also mounts an arm 22. This arm may carry a rod 23 co- 25operating with a spring 24 to potentialize the latter. This spring isconveniently housed within a casing 25, the end of which terminates in apawl 26 for engagement sequentially with a series of ratchet teeth 21extending from the underside of the turn table. These teeth may servethe further purpose of locking dogs, in that a latch member 28cooperates therewith and is released by being engaged by the arm 22.Moreover, a brake 29 may cooperate with the periphery of the turntablein order to slow-down the movement thereof, the action of this brakebeing suitably and automatically controlled. The operation of theseparts will be apparent in that the arm will primarily move with the pawl40 Y 26 in. engagement with one of the ratchet teeth. Due to the factthat the latch 28 prevents move ment of the turn table under thesecircumstances. the spring 28 will merely be potentialized until thelatchis released whereupon the turn table it gagement with the peripheryoi the disk and to 55' slow down the parts to such an extent that therewill be no sudden strain upon .the latch 28 engaging the next tooth orstop element.

The mechanism just described may be varied in structural details in manyparticulars but it is preferred, according to the present invention,that I the sequence of functions achieved thereby be adhered to. Itwill, moreover, be understood that mechanism is provided for deliveringautomatically one disk 2| to each of the turn table open!- ings as wellas removing the formed articles from such opening. This. mechanism hasnot been illustrated in the present application nor has .The head atthis point supports a plunger 32 slidably mounting a collar 33 which ispressed downwardly by a spring '34. This collar carries arms 35terminating in'spacer pins 36, the arms and pins extending into therecesses 20 and the outer ends of the pins contact with the deck I! oradjacent portions to prevent a clamping engagement between certain ofthe parts hereinafter referred to. An annular series of radiallyextending arms 31 are rockingly secured to the plunger 32 and the member30 likewise carries a similar series of arms 38 which lie within thewell-portion of this member and the lower edges of which are engagedbythe plate 3| At this time, it will be observed that the plunger 32terminates in what might be termed a contact or clamping portion 39 forcooperation with a similar portion 4| forming a part of a pin 4|extending from the plate 3|.

Now presuming that a disk 2| is in position within the turn tableopening and that the latter is at a point underlying the head and inline with the .plunger 32, it will be apparent primarily, that the diskis resting upon a seriesof arms or blades 38 and in such position it is:maintained accurately centered incident to the. fact that the opening ofthe turn table is just adequate to accommodate this. As the plunger 32descends, the center ofthe disk will be clamped against movement betweenthe parts 39 and 40, but no clamping contact will be effected betweenthe a series of blades 31-38 and the disk for the reason that the spacerpins or portions 36 will pre-,

elude this occurrence. These parts will also'serve to prevent portionsof the collar 33 from efiecting a binding or clamping contact, concedingthat the latter are extended to a point between the series of blades 31where such an action might be possible. The individual blades ofdifferent series are arranged in staggered relationship and as shown forexample in Fig. 6, the edges thereof may be rounded to prevent anypossibility of tearing.

In conjunction with both Figs. 5 and 6, it will be appreciated that forthe purpose of illustration,

the spacing between the blades has been somewhat exaggerated. However,as the plunger continues its descent, the blades 31 will be forcedblades 38 to pivot and incident to the fact that.

as shown, the two difierent series of blades lie on different radii,these blades will come to extend between'each other as shown in Figs. 4and 6, consequently corrugating the disk 2| from the central portiontowards the periphery thereof, 5

and these corrugations will increase in depth in this direction. Asafore brought out, due to the fact that clamping contact between thedisk and the base is at all times avoided, a tearing of the disk will beprecluded and thus an article will id be formed which may haveaccordingto the em.- bodiment illustrated-a flat central portion and acon-ligated body or skirt. As the plunger ascends. theparts willreestablish their initial position and in fact, under the actionof thespring pressed 15 plate, the lower series of blades will act to deliverthe formed blank from within the well of the member 3|). l

The turn table will now beadvanced in the manner afore described andaccordingly the 20 formed disk will come to underlie. the head at apoint at which the finishing operation, is to be accomplished. At thispoint, the head carries a plunger 42 which is preferably encircled by aspring pressed collar 43. It is intended that 'at 2 this station of themachine, a completely formed article is to be produced and if thisarticle is to embody a. stopper portion-as has been. shown in the'patent previously ,refer'red to-the mamake provision for this formingoperation preferably at this station.

With this in mind, the plunger is conveniently recessed as at 44 toaccommodate aspring-pressed plate 45, displacement of which maybeprevented 5 by a stop-pin 46. The deck I! mounts a sleeve 47 at thispoint which has a bore accommodating a tube 48 through which extends arod or plunger 49. A spring .50 may be provided to normally maintain theupper edge of the tube substantially flush with respect to the plunger49 andthe deck II. The plunger 49 is supported by two pairs ofinterconnected links 5|, the links of each pair, at their point ofjuncture, being preferably acted upon by a resisting element such thesame. With this in mind, the collar 43' may carry center pins or members53 which, as the plunger is projected downwardly, come to ex- 55 'te'ndinto the recesses.2ll and gradually into the area of the opening i9 to apointwhere they finally engage'the disk and center the same. Lost motionwill now occur between-the latter and the plunger 42 and the plate 45will move into contact with the central portion of the blank and inconjunction with the plunger or rod 49 will retain the same againstshifting. Continued movement will tend to force the central por-- tionof the disk into the wall of the member 41, it being observed thatclamping contact between the ring 43 and the disk'is prevented by virtueof the centering elements 53 which also serve the function of spacingmembers. The resistance of the parts to such movement will be relativelygreat for the reason that the toggle provided by the pairs of links 5|will be extended.- Consequently, the. initial function will be that offorcing the central portion of the disk into the recess 44 and againstthe action of the plate 45;

this being achieved by the plunger 49. During cation serve to overlapthe pouring-lip of a receptacleto which the cap is subsequently applied.

Continued downward movement of the plunger 42 will result in the centralor stopper portion of the blank being completely formed and the plunger49 together with the sleeve 48 will thereupon move as one unit withinthe bore of the member 41 until finally the flared end portion or rampof the plunger 42 clamps the skirt of the disk between it and thecorrespondingly formed portion of the member 41, thus flattening thecorrugations and providing a completed article.

It will be appreciated that the tube 48 and plunger 49 in their normalposition, are both elevated so that their upper edges occupysubstantially the same plane as the upper faces of the sleeve 41 anddeck i1. Resistance to-depression by the plunger 49 is material in viewof the manner inwhich this element is supported. The tube 48 offerscomparatively little resistance to movement, due to the fact that it isonly lightly supported by the spring 50. Thus, thepaper may be drawnacross the top edge of the tube without danger of being torn. Obviously,upward movement of the tube 48 and plunger 49 beyond their properprojected positions is limited in any desired manner. The tube 48 serveseii'ectively to strip the stopper portion from plunger 49. It alsoserves to properly close the gap between the plunger and the sleeve 41.Thus, the cap folds are held lightly while the stopper is being drawn,and a substantially smooth and unbroken surface is provided upon whichthe finished cap can be moved from its position between the formingdies.

At this time, it will be understood that the resistance to movementoffered by the plunger 49 may be varied in any desirable manner, as forexample, by adjusting the upper and lower ele-- ments 54 of the linkassemblage along the rod 55 which forms a part of the plunger or rod 49and that any other desired adjustments might be provided throughout themachine. As the plunger 42 'now moves upwardly, the disk will bemaintained in contact with the ramp portion thereof to a point at whichthis plunger moves out .of contact with the rod or plunger 49 and thetube 48. Thereupon, the plate will act to automatically detach the diskfrom the plunger and the turn table will now shift and the disk willsubsequently be removed therefrom.

It will be understood that in certain instances the disks and resultantcaps might stick. Also, if these elements are to retain fluid within areceptacle, it is desirable that they embody moisture proofcharacteristics. With this in mind, the present invention alsocontemplates that the stock from which the disks are formed beimpregnated with parafflne or other suitable material. Thus, in additionto having the flnished article embody moisture proof characteristics, a.certain lubricating action is set up during the operations on thearticle which prevents any tendency of the latter to stick to themachine the entire blank with the exception of its central portion beingformed with even corrugations. The disk will now be shifted to the nextstation at which the central or stopperportion thereof is formed(conceding that it is desired to impart such a construction to thisblank) and the corrugations will be flattened out throughout what mightbe termed the pouring-lip portion of the blank and to a very materialextent throughout the skirt portion thereof.

This flattening will cause the existing corrugations or folds to changetheir shape to an extent depending upon the amount of pressure appliedand the closeness with which opposite faces of the several parts of thecap being formed are pressed by the forming means. The fit of the partsmay be such that the skirt portion is pressed lightly so that uponconstriction around a bottle neck the folds may easily further changetheir form to permit the skirt to closely embrace the bottle, theportion connecting the stopper to the skirt may be heavily pressed toflatten the folds in that area to such an extent that they are almostundiscernible upon casual inspection, but it should be understood thatthe parts which press upon the walls of the stopper portion, acting incooperation with the ring 43, not only flatten the corrugations withinthe stopper walls, but causes them to change in form and number.

It is obvious that the ring 43 preferably is spaced from the surfaceupon which the disk is mounted adistance suflicient to permit thecorrugations to increase in depth as much as may be required incident tothe decrease in effective circumference of the disk as portions aredrawn into the stopper forming device, but not enough to permitindividual corrugations to increase unduly and other corrugations not toincrease or to increase little. Ring 43, therefore, provides formaintaining the relative angular positions of the corrugations andthereby prevents bunching and consequent tearing of the material as itis drawn into the-closely spaced parts of the forming device. Evenspacing of the corrugations is especially necessary to insure evendistribution of material being drawn into the stopper walls, and

the need increases rapidly as the area of the material beyond thestopper walls is increased.

It is also to be understood that the portions of the evenly spacedcorrugations being drawn into the stopper wall forming device tend toincrease in depth incident to the decreasing effective circumference ofthe stopper wall area,

but, unlike other portions of the corrugations, they are stillrelatively shallow when met by opposing faces of the forming means andthereby prevented from continuing to develop. Pressure upon theseslightly formed corrugations obliterates them and in so doing appliescircumferential pressure upon the annular stopper wall causing eachoriginal corrugation to become a number of smaller corrugations ofsomewhat different form, and provides a stopper wall pre senting asubstantially smooth and unchanneled surface.

The paraffined stock employed, which must be of rather heavy, strongmaterial, also functions advantageously in that it tends to make thematerial more moldable, that is, to prevent cracks or tears duringformation and to insure a setting or shape-holding after formation.

It is to be understood that the fit between the several parts at thispoint is made with sufiicient tolerance to accommodate varyingthicknesses of paper so that any difliculties in this connection areavoided.

The turntable now shifts to a point at which the cap is discharged fromthe machine and the formed member now preferably moves to a mechanism bymeans of which it will be automatically stacked or otherwise stored.

Thus it will be appreciated that the skirt and stopper wall areas arefirst corrugated and thereafter, the stopper is formed by means whichchanges the form and number of folds in the stopper wall area. Aided bythe spaced presser plate, the folds in the skirt permit the latter todraw in evenly without, causing harmful angular displacement of any ofthe material from which the stopper wall is formed. v

' From the foregoing,-it will be understood that among others, theseveral objects of the invention as specifically 'aiore stated areachieved. It will be additionally understood that numerous changes inthe method steps and the construction and arrangement of the machineparts might be resorted to without departing from the spirit of theinvention as defined by the claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is: 1. A cap forming machine including, incombination, means operating upon a layer of fibrous material to form acup portion, and means acting subsequently upon the base of said cupportion to form a stopper portion without rupture of said layer offibrous material. 5

2. A cap forming machine including, in combination, means forcorrugating a disk of material at points remote from the central areathereof ,to provide a constrictable skirt and means for subsequentlyforming said central serve as a stopper.

- 3. A cap forming machine including, in combination, means operatingupon a disk of material to corrugate the same, means for extending thecorrugated portion at an angle to the central area of the disk toprovide a cup shaped member, and means for subsequently forming acircular depressed portion in the base of said member.

4. A cap forming machine including, in combination, means forcorrugating a. disk of material and to one side of the central areathereof, means for extending the corrugated portion of said disk atanangle to the central area to provide side walls, and means forsubsequently forming in the substantially uncorr'ugated portion of saiddisk an inwardly-extending bulged portion serving as a stopper. 7 i

5. A cap forming machine including, in combination, means for receivinga disk of material, means acting to corrugate portions of said disk,means for subsequently forming a stopper portion as an integral part ofsaid disk and comprising portions of the previously corrugated area, andmeans for extending the disk adjacent the edge portion of the latter atan angle-with respect to the central disk portion whereby to provide acup shaped member with the stopper portion extending from the basethereof.

6. A cap forming machine including a receiv-. ing member formed with anopening to accommodate a disk of material, means coacting with a diskdisposed within said opening to corrugate the former and decrease theeffective circumiference thereof, means for maintaining said diskcentered within said, opening, and means for subsequently forming astopper portion within said disk. r 5

7. A cap forming machine including, in comarea to provide a depressedstopper portion to bination,. a; receiving member formed with an openingto accommodate a disk. of material..

' project at an angle to the central portion of said disk, means forchanging the form and number of said corrugations to cause vthe areawithin whicl'isuch change has occurred toextend as a thickened portionforming a part of said disk, said disk presenting an efiectivelydiminishing circumference throughout said operations, and means formaintaining said disk centered throughout said operations and withregard to said means. a 9. A cap forming machine including, incombination, a receiving member formed with an opening to accommodate adisk of material, means for corrugating portions of said disk,

.means for extending said corrugated portions to project at anangle tothe central portion of said disk, means for flattening certain of saidcorrugations to extend as a thickened portion 1 forming a part of saiddisk, and means acting to prevent a. shearing efi'ect upon said disk andduring the cooperation therewith of said several means. v I

10. A cap forming-machine including means to receive a disk of material,means acting to one side of the central area of said disk to formincreasingly deepening corrugations toward the edge thereof, means forextending the corrugated disk portions at an angle to the central areaof said disk to form a cup shaped member,

and means for changing the form and num-- ber of said corrugations tocause the area within which such change has occurred to-present ine'ii'ect a thickened area forming a part of said disk.

11. A cap forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means acting to one side of the central area of said disk to formincreasingly deepening corrugations toward the edge thereof, means forextending the corrugat'ed disk portions at an angle to the central areaof said disk to form a. cup shaped member,

. and means subsequently acting upon the base of said member to providean inwardly extending stopper portion in said disk.

12. A methodof forming a cap which includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, forming the same with increasingly deepening corrugations,extending the side area of said disk to project at an angle to thecentral portion thereof to form thereof.

tion in said disk and within the central area 14.- A cap forming machineincluding means to receive a disk of material, means supporting saiddisk and offering decreasing resistance to movement, means coacting withthe central area of said disk to form a stopper portion therein byclamping said disk against said supporting means and moving the latterand said disk to conform to the surfaces of said supporting means, and

' means for causing the side portions of said disks' to extend at anangle to the central disk portion..

15. A cap forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means to corrugate said disk to one side of the central area thereof,means supporting said disk and oifering decreasing resistance tomovement, means coacting with the central area of said disk to form astopper portion therein by clamping said disk against said supportingmeans and moving the latter and said disk to conform to the surfaces ofsaid supporting means, and means for causing the side portions of saiddisks to extend at an angle to the central disk portion.

16. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, primarily forming the same with corrugations to one side ofthe central area thereof, thereupon forming a stopper portion in the,central part of said disk and with the base of said stopper comprisingsubstantially the entire uncorrugated area, and the walls of saidstopper including a portion of the primarily corrugated area, and infinally bending the portions of said disk beyond said stopper portion toform a cup shaped member.

1'7. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, primarily forming the same with corrugations to one side ofthe central area thereof, thereupon forming a stopper portion in thecentral part of said disk and with the base of said stopper comprisingsubstantially the entire uncorrugated area and the walls of said stopperincluding a portion of the primarily corrugated area, and flattening thecorrugations in said disk.

18. The method of forming skirted milk bottle caps, which includesimpregnating relatively heavy stock material with a substance bothmoisture-resistant and moldable under pressure, thereupon forming saidmaterial by'pressure to provide a marginal, corrugated skirt portion andsubsequently forming a stopper 'portion in said material and extendingthe corrugated parts thereof beyond said stopper portion to provide acup-shaped member. 7

19. The method of forming skirted milk bottle caps, which includesimpregnating relatively heavy stock material with a substance both.

moistureresistant and moldableunder pressure, thereupon forming saidmaterial by pressure to provide a marginal, corrugated skirt portion andin finally flattening the corrugations of said skirt portion.

20. A method of forming a cap which'includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, forming the same with corrugations to one side of the centralarea thereof and simultaneously causing the corrugated area to extend atan angle with respect to the central area, causing the said corrugatedarea to'stand at a lesser angle with respect to said central area, andthereupon and subsequently changing the .angle at which such areasextend with respect to each other to form a cupshaped cap.

21. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, forming the same with corrugations to one side of the centralarea thereof and simultaneously causing the corrugated area to extend atan angle with respect to the central area, causing the said corrugatedarea to stand'at a lesser angle with respect to the said central area,thereupon subsequently changing the angle at which such areas extendwith respect to each other to form a cup-shaped cap and in flatteningthe corrugations within said corrugated area.

22. A forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means cooperating with said receiving means to corrugate said disk atpoints beyond the central area thereofand further means subsequentlycooperating with said receiving means to form a stopper portion in saidcentral awe and to extend the corrugatedarea of said disk at an anglewith respect to said stopper portion.

23. A forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means cooperating with said receiving means to corrugate said disk atpoints beyond the central area thereof, means engaging said central areaduring said corrugating to maintain the same against-displacement withrespect to said corrugating means and further means separate and remotefrom said corrugating means subsequently cooperating with said receivingmeans to form a stopper portion in said central area and to extend thecorrugated area of said disk at an angle with respect to said stopperportion.

24. A forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means cooperating with said receiving means to corrugate said disk atpoints beyond the central area thereof and further means subsequentlycooperating with said receiving means and the corrugated area of saiddisk to cause the form and number of some portions of said corrugationsto'be changed.

25. A forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means cooperating with said receiving means to corrugate said'disk atpoints beyond the central area thereof, means engaging said central areaduring said corrugating to maintain the same against displacement withrespect to said corrugating means, means cooperating with said receivingmeans and disk to form a stopper portion in the central area thereof,and means cooperating with the corrugated area of said disk to changethe form of such corrugations.

26. A forming machine including means cooperating with a disk ofmaterial to corrugate the same, shaping means cooperating with the.

corrugated disk to form a stopper portion in the base thereof saidstopper portion including portions of the corrugations produced by saidfirst named means and to extend portions of the corrugated area of saiddisk in the form of cap side walls and means for successively presentinga disk below said head, an annular series of radially extending blades,means for rockingly supporting said blades with reference to said deckand in a position underlying said disk, a second annular series ofblades rockingly mounted by said head and to cooperate with said disk,said second series of blades being disposed in-staggered relationshipwith respect to said first named series, means whereby upon headprojection occurring, portions ofblades of one series are caused toextend be tween the blades of the second series and means connected tosaid head and deck respectively for clamping portions of said diskagainst movement with respect to said head and during such projection.-

29. A cap forming machine including a head, a deck disposed adjacentthereto, means to position a disk of material in the plane of said deckand below said head, an annular series of radially extending blades,means for rockingly supporting said blades with reference to said deckand in a position underlying said disk, a second annular series ofblades rockingly mounted by said head and to cooperate with said disk,said second series of blades being disposed in staggered relationshipwith respect to said first named series, means whereby upon headprojection occurring, portions of blades of one series are caused toextend between the blades of the second series, said last named meansincluding means connected to said first blade series and contacting withone of the disk faces and means connected to said second blade seriesand contacting with the central portion of the opposite diskface tomaintain the same against movement with respect to said head during saidblade movement.

30. A forming machine including means for corrugating a disk, meansengaging the central portion of said disk to cause the corrugated areathereof to extend angularly with respect to said central portion andmeans cooperating with said disk to maintain the relative position ofthe corrugations thereof substantially simultaneously with the angularextension of such disk area with respect to the central portion thereof.

31. A forming machine including means for corrugating a disk, meansengaging the central portion of said disk to cause thecorrugated areathereof to extend angularly with respect to said central portion andmeans in contact with said disk'and cooperating therewith to maintainthe relative position of the corrugations thereof and means whereby saidlast named means is main tained out of clamping contact with saidcorrugated disk area. 7 i v 32. A cap forming machine including, incombination, a receiving member formed with an opening to accommodate adisk of material, means for corrugating portions of said disk, means forextending said corrugated portions to project at an angle to the centralportion of said disk, means for subsequently forming a stopper portionin the central part of said disk, and for changing the form and numberof portions of said corrugations to cause the zone within which suchchange has occurred to present a thickened area.

forming a part of said stopper portion.

33. A cap forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means .acting to one side of the central areaof said disk to formincreasingly deepening corrugations toward the edge thereof, means forextending the corrugated disk portions at an angle to the central areaof said-disk to form acup-shaped member,

means subsequently acting upon the base of said per portion in saiddisk; and for changing the form and number of portions of saidcorrugations to cause the zone in which "such change has occurred topresent in effect a thickened 5 area forming a part of said stopperportion.

34. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, forming the same with increasingly deepening corrugations,extending e side area of said disk to project 10 at an angle to thecentral portion thereof to form a cup-shaped member, and changing theform and number of the corrugations within an area remote from theperiphery of said disk to cause the zone within which such change has 15occurred to present in effect a thickened area forming an integral partof said disk;

35. A cap forming machine including, in combination, means operatingupon a disk of material to form a cup portion, and means sepa- 20 rateand remote from said first named means acting upon the base of said cupportion to form a stopper portion.

'36. A cap forming machine including means for forming in a disk ofmaterial an annular 25 series of corrugations increasingly deep towardthe edge of said disk, means for simultaneously cupping said disk tothereby decrease the angular spacing ,of said corrugations and means tocontrol the depth of said corrugations through- 30 out substantiallytheir entire extent so that none of said corrugations exceeds apredetermined depth.

3'7. A cap forming machine including corrugating members to corrugat'e adisk ofmaterial, means co-operating therewith for causing said disk toassume a cup-shaped form, and for subsequently flattening thecorrugations and disk thereby returning said disk to substantially itsoriginal form. 0'

38. A cap forming machine including means operating upon a disk ofmaterial to corrugate the same, and subsequentlyacting means separateand remote therefrom to form a'stopper portion within said disk. 45

39. A cap forming machine including means for corrugating a disk ofmaterial, and means for forming a stopper portion in said disk, saidstopper portion embracing portions of the corrugated area of said disk.

40. A cap forming machine including means for corrugating a disk ofmaterial and means for subsequently forming a stopper portion in saiddisk, and for forming side walls for said stopper portion from portionsof the corrugated area of said disk.

41. A cap forming machine including a head, an annular series ofradially extending blades rockingly attached to said head, a support, aw second annular series of blades rockingly attached to said support andadjacent said head to cooperate with said first series of blades andwith adisk of material disposed between the said two series of blades,means connected with one 65 series of blades and contacting the centralarea of one face of said disk, and means connected with the other seriesof blades and contacting the central area of the opposite face of saiddisk to cause the blades ofone series to rock 70 responsive to theprojection of said head. 7

nular series of blades cooperating with said preventing the control ofsaid relationship deseries and with a disk of material disposedtherebetween, a support adjacent said head, said second series of bladesbeing disposed in staggered relationship with respect to said firstseries of blades and being rockingly attached to said support,meansresponsive to projection of said head portion, toextend the bladesof one series between the blades of the other series and to rock theblades of both series in controlled relationship with respect to eachother and means for pending upon cooperation of said disk and saidblades. I

43. A cap forming machine including a head,

an annular series of radially extending blades rockingly attached tosaid head, a support, a second annular series of blades rockinglyattached to said support adjacent said head and cooperating with saidfirst series of blades and a disk of material disposed between the twoseries of blades, means whereby said several series of blades are causedto corrugate portions of said disk, means for maintaining said blades incorrugating relationship, and further means forming a part-of saidmachine and causing the disk contacting surfaces of all of said bladesto be moved in controlled relationship with respect to each other andsaid disk.

44. A cap forming machine including means comprising movable bladesacting upon opposite faces of a disk of material to corrugate the same,and means supporting the blades acting upon one face of said disk ofmaterial and acting to cause the blades acting upon both faces of saiddisk to move in controlled relationship with respect to each other andto said disk, the movements of said blades being unaffected by pressureof said disk upon saidblades.

45. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a'diskimpregnated with asubstance resistant to moisture, corrugating portions01' said disk and subsequently forming a stopper portion in said diskand including within said stopper portion parts of the disk areapreviously corrugated.

- 46. A cap forming machine including means for corrugating a disk,means separate and remote from said corrugating means and not agreeingin outline with the corrugations of said disk to cause corrugatedportions thereof to extend at an angle with respect to other portionsthereof, and means acting simultaneously with said second named means tomaintain the relative size and angular positions of said corrugations.

47. A cap forming machine including means acting upon a disk of materialto form a saucershaped member, and means separate and remote from saidfirst named means for changing the angle at which the disk portionsadjacent the edge of said saucer-shaped member extend with respect tothe central portion thereof.

48. A cap forming machine including means to receive a disk of material,means supporting said disk and adjustable to offer either unchanging,increasing or decreasing resistance to move ment, and means coactingwith said second named means and with said disk to modify the shape ofthe latter by causing said disk to conform to the surface of saidsupporting means.

49. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a layer ofmaterial, forming the same with corrugations and subsequently changingthe form and number of said corrugations.

50. A method of forming a cap which includes utilizing a disk ofmaterial, forming the same with corrugations to one side of the centralarea thereof and subsequently changing the form and number of portionsonly of said corrugations.

51. A cap forming machine including corrugating means to corrugate adisk of material, and control means to control the depth of thecorrugations formed thereby throughout the entire extent of saidcorrugations independently of the resistance oflered to said corrugatingmeans by said disk 0! material.

' WM. H. KNOWLES.

